²»Í¬Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²Ë¾úÏà×é³É¼°Éú³¤Ç÷ÊƱȽÏ

2013-06-23 ³ÂÕñÇà Î人¹¤ÒµÑ§ÔºÊ³Æ·¿ÆѧÓ빤³ÌѧԺ

¡¡¡¡Ö÷ÒªÒÔÕæ¿Õ°üװɽҩ¶Î¡¢ÄϹϡ¢ºìÊí¿é¡¢ÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢Óóܵ¡¢ÏãÓó¿é¡¢×ÏÊí¿éΪԭÁÏ£¬±È½Ï²»Í¬ÖÖÀàµÄÏÊÇо»²ËµÄ³õʼºÍ¸¯°ÜʱµÄ¾úÏà×é³ÉºÍÉú³¤Ç÷ÊÆ¡£ÊµÑé½á¹û±íÃ÷£º¾»²ËÖеÄÖ÷Ҫ΢ÉúÎï°üÀ¨½Íĸ¾úÊô¡¢ÈéËá¾úÊô¡¢³¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æ¡¢¼Ùµ¥°û¾úÊôºÍ΢Çò¾úÊô¡£É½Ò©¶Î¡¢ÄϹÏ¡¢ºìÊí¿é¡¢ÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢Óóܵ¡¢×ÏÊíÖнÍĸ¾ú³õʼÊýÁ¿½Ï¶à£¬ÔÚÅàÑøÒ»¶Îʱ¼äºó£¬¾ù³ÊÏÖÔö³¤Ç÷ÊÆ;¾»²ËÖеÄÈéËá¾úÊýÁ¿³õʼ¶¼³¬¹ýÁË2.0lg cfu/g£¬²¢ÇÒ¶¼³ÊÏÖÁËÏÔÖøµÄÔö³¤;¾»²Ë³õʼµÄ³¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æº¬Á¿¶¼³¬¹ýÁË3.0lg cfu/g;µ«É½Ò©¶Î¡¢ÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢Óóܵ¡¢×ÏÊí¿éÖеij¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æ³ÊÔö³¤Ç÷ÊÆ£¬¶øÏãÓó¿é¡¢ÄϹϺͺìÊí¿éÖеij¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æ³öÏÖÁËϽµÇ÷ÊÆ;ÏãÓó¡¢ÓóܵµÄ¼Ùµ¥°û¾úÊô¡¢Î¢Çò¾úÊôÉú³¤Ñ¸ËÙ£¬É½Ò©¶Î¡¢ÄϹϡ¢ºìÊí¡¢ÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢×ÏÊí¿éÖеÄ΢Çò¾úÊô¶¼³ÊÏÖϽµµÄÇ÷ÊÆ¡£

¡¡¡¡¾»²ËÊÇÖ¸²úÆ·¾­¹ýÇåÏ´¡¢ÐÞÕû¡¢·Ö¼¶¡¢°ü×°µÈ´¦Àí£¬ÓÐʱ»¹ÒªÇóȥƤ£¬ÉõÖÁÇзִ¦ÀíµÄÐÂÏÊÊ߲ˣ¬Æä¿ÉʳÂʽӽü100%£¬²¢´ïµ½¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÅëʳ»òÉúʳµÄÎÀÉúÒªÇó¡£Çзֵľ»²Ë°´ÆäÐÎ×´¿ÉÒÔ·ÖΪ£º¿é×´¡¢Ìõ×´¡¢¶¡×´ºÍ˿״£¬ÆäÖпé×´¾»²ËÊÇÊг¡Éϳ£¼ûµÄÖ÷Òª¾»²ËÆ·ÖÖ¡£ÔÚ¿é×´¾»²Ë¼Ó¹¤¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Õæ¿Õ¼¼ÊõÍø(http://www.jnannai.com/)·¢ÏÖÓÉÓÚϸ°û×éÖ¯ÊÜË𣬸üÈÝÒ×ÒýÆð΢ÉúÎïµÄÎÛȾ£¬Î¢ÉúÎïµÄ±ä»¯³ÉΪ²úÆ·ÓªÑø¡¢É«Ô󡢸йÙÆ·ÖÊϽµµÄÖ÷ÒªÔ­ÒòÖ®Ò»¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬¾úÏà×é³ÉÑо¿½Ï¶àµÄÉúÏÊÖÆÆ·ÊÇÈâÖÆÆ·£¬ÌرðÊÇÀäÏÊÈ⣬¹úÄÚÖ÷ÒªÔÚÑо¿¾»²ËÉú²ú¹ý³Ì£¬¶Ô¿é×´¾»²ËµÄ¾úÂä×é³ÉµÄÑо¿ºÜÉÙ£¬±¾ÎÄÖ÷ÒªÊÇÑо¿Êг¡Éϳ£¼ûµÄ¿é×´¾»²ËµÄ³õʼºÍ¸¯°ÜʱµÄ¾úÏà×é³É£¬·ÖÎö²»Í¬¾úÊô¾úÂäµÄÉú³¤Ç÷ÊÆ£¬Îª¾»²ËµÄÆ·ÖÊ¿ØÖÆ¡¢±£ÏʼÁµÄɸѡÌṩÒÀ¾Ý¡£

1¡¢²ÄÁÏÓë·½·¨

1.1¡¢²ÄÁÏÓëÒÇÆ÷

¡¡¡¡Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐ×ÏÊí¿é¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐɽҩ¶Î¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐÏãÓó¿é¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐÄϹϿé¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇкìÊí¿é¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐÓóܵ¿éÎ人ÈçÒ⼯ÍÅ;¼Ùµ¥°ûCFCÑ¡ÔñÐÔÅàÑø»ù(Pseudomonas selective agar)¡¢VRBDAÇíÖ¬(violet red bile dextrose agar)¡¢MRSÇíÖ¬(Man Rogosa and sharpe agar)¡¢MSAÇíÖ¬(mannitol salt agar)¡¢¸Ê¶´¼·¢½ÍÅàÑø»ù¡¢PDAÇíÖ¬(potato Dextrose agar) Çൺ¸ß¿Æ¼¼Ô°º£²©ÉúÎï¼¼ÊõÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;ÂÈ»¯ÄÆ(Óż¶´¿) ¹úÒ©¼¯ÍÅ»¯Ñ§ÊÔ¼ÁÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾¡£HR2004½Á°è»ú·ÉÀûÆÖµç×ÓÏã¸ÛÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;DHZ-D(¢ó)Ñ­»·Ë®Õæ¿Õ±Ã¹®ÒåÊÐÓ¢Óø»ªÓñÒÇÆ÷³§;TG18M¸ßËÙÀëÐÄ»ú³¤É³Æ½·²ÒÇÆ÷ÒDZíÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;MIR-154µÍκãÎÂÅàÑøÏäÈýÑóµç»ú¹ú¼ÊóÒ×ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;DRP-9082µçÈȺãÎÂÅàÑøÏäÉϺ£É­ÐÅʵÑéÒÇÆ÷ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;DNP-9082µçÈȺãÎÂÅàÑøÏäÉϺ£¾«ºêʵÑéÉ豸ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;DHP-9082Ð͵çÈȺãÎÂÅàÑøÏä¡¢LRH-100CÐ͵ÍÎÂÅàÑøÏä¡¢DHG-9140AµçÈȹķç¸ÉÔïÏäÉϺ£Ò»ºã¿Æ¼¼ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;DDHZ-300̨ʽ»ØÐý¿ÕÆøʽºãÎÂÕñµ´Æ÷Ì«²ÖÊÐÒÇÆ÷É豸³§;SW-CJ-2FDÐÍË«È˵¥Ãæ¾»»¯¹¤×÷̨ËÕÖݾ»»¯É豸ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;ÏÈÐÐÕßCP214(C)µç×Ó·ÖÎöÌìƽÉϺ£°Â˹ÌØÒÇÆ÷ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;HBM-400DÅÄ´òʽÎÞ¾úÔÈÖÊÆ÷Ìì½òÊкã°Â¿Æ¼¼·¢Õ¹ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾;ÊÖÌáʽÕôÆû²»Ðâ¸ÖÏû¶¾Æ÷(Ãð¾ú¹ø) ÉϺ£ÈýÉêÒ½ÁÆÆ÷еÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾¡£

1.2¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¿é×´¾»²Ë³õʼ¾úÂäÇé¿ö

¡¡¡¡²ÉÓÃÑ¡ÔñÐÔÅàÑø»ù¶Ô¾úÂä×ÜÊý¡¢½Íĸ¾úÊô¡¢¼Ùµ¥°û¾úÊô¡¢³¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æ¡¢ÈéËá¾úÊô¡¢Î¢Çò¾úÊô½øÐÐƽ°å¼ÆÊý¡£¾ßÌå²Ù×÷Ϊ£ºÔÚÎÞ¾úÌõ¼þϼôÈ¡µ±ÌìÉÏÊеľ»²Ë25g£¬¼ôËéºó·ÅÈë×°ÓÐ225mLÎÞ¾úÉúÀíÑÎË®µÄÎÞ¾ú¾ùÖÊ´üÖУ¬ÓÃÅÄ»÷ʽ¾ùÖÊÆ÷ÅÄ´ò2min£¬ÖƳÉ1¡Ã10µÄÑùÆ·ÔÈÒº¡£È¡³ö¾»²ËС¿é£¬´ÓÎÞ¾ú¾ùÖÊ´üÖÐÎüÈ¡1mLÐüÒº½øÐÐÏ¡ÊÍ£¬Õë¶ÔÿÖÖÑ¡ÔñÐÔÅàÑø»ùÈ¡Èý¸öºÏÊʵÄÏ¡ÊÍÌݶÈ£¬Ã¿¸öÏ¡ÊÍÌݶÈ×öÈý¸öÖظ´£¬Çãעƽ°å¼ÆÊý£¬ÅàÑøÒ»¶¨Ê±¼äƽ°å¼ÆÊý¡£¾ßÌåµÄÑ¡ÔñÐÔÅàÑø»ùºÍÅàÑøÌõ¼þÈç±í1Ëùʾ¡£

±í1 Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²ËÖÐ΢ÉúÎïÑ¡ÔñÐÔÅàÑø»ù¼°ÅàÑøÌõ¼þ

Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²ËÖÐ΢ÉúÎïÑ¡ÔñÐÔÅàÑø»ù¼°ÅàÑøÌõ¼þ

1.3¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¿é×´¾»²ËµÄ¸¯°Ü¾úÂäÇé¿ö·ÖÎö

¡¡¡¡·ÅÖÃÕæ¿Õ°ü×°µÄ¿é×´¾»²ËÔÚ4¡æÌõ¼þÏ£¬Ã¿Ìì¹Û²ì¾»²ËµÄÆ·Öʱ仯£¬³öÏÖÕÍ´üʱ£¬±íÃ÷²úÆ·ÒѾ­¸¯°Ü£¬ÓÃÑ¡ÔñÐÔÅàÑø»ù¶Ô¾úÂä×ÜÊý¡¢½Íĸ¾úÊô¡¢¼Ùµ¥°û¾úÊô¡¢³¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æ¡¢ÈéËá¾úÊô¡¢Î¢Çò¾úÊô½øÐÐƽ°å¼ÆÊý¡£¾ßÌå²Ù×÷ͬ1.2¡£

2¡¢½á¹ûÓë·ÖÎö

2.1¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐÊ߲˽Íĸ¾úÊô×´¿ö

¡¡¡¡´Óͼ1¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬¾»²Ë³õʼÖнÍĸ¾úÊôº¬Á¿Ïà²îºÜ´ó£¬ÏãÓóºÍÄϹϺ¬Á¿×î¶à£¬Ëæ×Å´¢²Øʱ¼äµÄÔö³¤£¬¾»²ËÖнÍĸ¾úº¬Á¿³ýÏãÓó¿éÍⶼÓÐÔö³¤µÄÇ÷ÊÆ£¬ÆäÖкìÊí¿éµÄÔö³¤Ç÷ÊƸüΪÃ÷ÏÔ¡£¿ÉÄÜÊÇÒòΪ¾»²ËÖк¬ÓкܶàÊʺϽÍĸ¾úÊôµÄÉú³¤µÄÓªÑøºÍ»·¾³£¬ÏãÓó¿éÖÐÓÉÓÚ³öÏÖÁËË¥ÍöÆÚµ¼Ö½Íĸ¾úÊôº¬Á¿Ï½µ¡£

Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°Ü½Íĸ¾úº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

ͼ1 Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°Ü½Íĸ¾úº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

2.2¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐÊ߲˵ÄÈéËá¾úÊôÇé¿ö

¡¡¡¡´Óͼ2¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬¾»²ËÖеÄÈéËá¾ú¶¼Ñ¸ËÙÔö³¤£¬×ÏÊí¿éÔö³¤×îΪÃ÷ÏÔ¡¢ÄϹÏÔö³¤½ÏС¡£³õʼʱ£¬ÄϹÏÖÐÈéËá¾úº¬Á¿×î¸ß£¬×ÏÊíÖк¬Á¿×îÉÙ¡£¸¯°Üʱ£¬ºìÊí¿éº¬Á¿×î¶à£¬×ÏÊí¿éº¬Á¿×îÉÙ£¬¿ÉÄÜÊÇ×ÏÊíÖк¬ÓдóÁ¿µÄµí·Û²»ÀûÓÚÈéËá¾úµÄÉú³¤¡£ÒÔÉÏÏÖÏóµÄ³öÏÖ¿ÉÄÜÊÇÒòΪÕæ¿Õ°ü×°µÄ¾»²Ë¾ßÓÐÊʺÏÈéËá¾úÊôµÄÉú³¤µÄÓªÑøºÍ»·¾³¡£

Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°ÜÈéËá¾úÊôº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

ͼ2 Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°ÜÈéËá¾úÊôº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

2.3¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐÊ߲˵ij¦¸Ë¾ú¿ÆÇé¿ö

¡¡¡¡´Óͼ3¿É¿´³ö£¬¾»²ËÖгõʼ³¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æ²î±ðºÜ´ó£¬ÄϹϺ¬Á¿×î¶à£¬×ÏÊíº¬Á¿×îÉÙ¡£¸¯°Üºóɽҩ¶Î¡¢ÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢Óóܵ¡¢×ÏÊí¿éµÄ³¦¸Ë¾ú¿ÆÓÐÔö³¤µÄÇ÷ÊÆ£¬µ«ÊÇÏãÓó¿é¡¢ÄϹϺͺìÊí¿é¶¼³öÏÖÁ˸ºÔö³¤£¬ÓÈÆäÊǺìÊí¿é³¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æ¼¸ºõûÓÐÉú³¤¡£¿ÉÄÜÊÇÒòΪËæ×Åʱ¼äµÄÑÓ³¤£¬¾»²ËÖÐÊʺϳ¦¸Ë¾ú¿ÆÉú³¤µÄÓªÑøÎïÖÊÒѾ­ºÄ¾¡£¬³öÏÖÁ˸ºÔö³¤¡£

Õæ¿Õ°ü×°³õʼºÍ¸¯°Ü³¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

ͼ3 Õæ¿Õ°ü×°³õʼºÍ¸¯°Ü³¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

2.4¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐÊ߲˵ļٵ¥°û¾úÊôÇé¿ö

¡¡¡¡´Óͼ4¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬¾»²ËÖмٵ¥°û¾úÊôÉú³¤Ç÷ÊƲ»Í¬£¬Óóܵ¡¢ÏãÓó¿é¡¢ºìÊí¿é¡¢×ÏÊí¿é¡¢ÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢É½Ò©¶ÎÓÐÁËÔö³¤Ç÷ÊÆ£¬ÄϹϳöÏÖÁ˼õÉÙ¡£³õʼʱ£¬¼Ùµ¥°û¾úÊôº¬Á¿×î¶àÊÇÏãÓó¿é£¬×îÉÙµÄÊǺìÊí¿é¡£¸¯°Üʱ£¬º¬Á¿×î¶àµÄÊÇÓóܵ£¬º¬Á¿×îÉÙµÄ×ÏÊí¡£¿ÉÄÜÊÇÏãÓóºÍÓóܵÖк¬ÓÐÀûÓÚÊʺϼٵ¥°û¾úÊôÉú³¤µÄÓªÑøºÍ»·¾³£¬ÄϹÏÖÐÀûÓÚ¼Ùµ¥°û¾úÊôÉú³¤µÄÓªÑøÒѾ­ºÄ¾¡¡£

Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°Ü¼Ùµ¥°û¾úÊôº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

ͼ4 Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°Ü¼Ùµ¥°û¾úÊôº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

2.5¡¢Õæ¿Õ°ü×°ÏÊÇÐÊ߲˵Ä΢Çò¾úÊôÇé¿ö

¡¡¡¡´Óͼ5¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬³õʼʱ¾»²ËÖÐ΢Çò¾úÊôɽҩ¶Î¡¢ÄϹÏ¡¢ºìÊí¿éÕ¼ÓÅÊÆ£¬¸¯°ÜʱÏãÓó¿éºÍÓóܵÓÐÔö³¤µÄÇ÷ÊÆ£¬É½Ò©¶Î¡¢ÄϹÏ¡¢ºìÊí¿é¡¢ÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢×ÏÊí¿éÖÐ΢Çò¾úÊôº¬Á¿³öÏÖÁËϽµµÄÇ÷ÊÆ¡£¿ÉÄÜÊÇÓÉÓÚÏãÓó¿éºÍÓóܵͬÊôÒ»ÖÖÊô£¬º¬ÓÐÊʺÏ΢Çò¾úÊôµÄÉú³¤µÄÓªÑøºÍ»·¾³£¬¶øɽҩ¶Î¡¢ÄϹÏ¡¢ºìÊí¿é¡¢ÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢×ÏÊí¿é²»ÀûÓÚ΢Çò¾úµÄÉú³¤¡£

Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°Ü΢Çò¾úÊôº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

ͼ5 Õæ¿Õ°ü×°¾»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°Ü΢Çò¾úÊôº¬Á¿¶Ô±Èͼ

3¡¢½áÂÛ

¡¡¡¡±¾ÊµÑéÖ÷ÒªÑо¿ÁËÕæ¿Õ°ü×°µÄ¿é×´¾»²ËµÄ³õʼºÍ¸¯°ÜµÄ¾úÏà×é³É£¬Í¨¹ý¶Ô±È³õʼʱºÍ¸¯°ÜºóÁ½ÖÖ²»Í¬Çé¿öϵľúÏàÇé¿ö¶Ô±È£¬·ÖÎö³ö¸÷ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄ¾úÊôµÄÉú³¤Ç÷ÊÆ¡£¾»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°ÜµÄ¾úÏà×é³ÉÏàͬ¡£ÈéËá¾úÊôºÍ½Íĸ¾úÊôÊǾ»²Ë³õʼºÍ¸¯°ÜÖÐÖ÷Òª¾úÊô£¬ËµÃ÷¾»²ËÖеĵí·ÛºÍÌÇ·ÖÀûÓÚ½Íĸ¾úÊôºÍÈéËá¾úÊôÉú³¤£¬ÕâÓëÕÔ¹ú½¿µÈµÄÑо¿½á¹ûÏà·û¡£ÏãÓó¡¢ÄϹϡ¢ºìÊíÖеij¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æ΢ÉúÎï³õʼ±È¸¯°ÜµÄ»¹Òª¶à£¬±íÃ÷ÁËÏãÓó¡¢ÄϹϡ¢ºìÊí¿éÖеÄÓªÑø²»ÀûÓÚ³¦¸Ë¾ú¿Æ΢ÉúÎïÉú³¤¡£ÏãÓó¿é¡¢ºìÊí¿é¡¢ÓóܵÖмٵ¥°û¾úÊôÔö³¤Ã÷ÏÔ£¬¶øɽҩ¶Î¡¢ÄϹÏ¡¢ÍÁ¶¹¿é¡¢×ÏÊí¿é¼Ùµ¥°û¾úÊô»ù±¾³Öƽ¡£¾»²Ë³õʼʱ΢Çò¾úº¬Á¿½ÏµÍ£¬¶øµ±¸¯°Üʱ£¬Ö»ÓÐÏãÓó¿éºÍÓóܵ³öÏÖÁËÔö³¤µÄÇ÷ÊÆ£¬¿ÉÄÜÓÉÓÚ¾»²Ë²»Ì«ÀûÓÚ΢Çò¾úµÄÉú³¤¡£ÊµÑé½áÂÛ½«Îª¾»²ËµÄÆ·ÖÊÓÅ»¯Ìṩһ¶¨µÄÀíÂÛÒÀ¾Ý¡£